Deuteronomy 6.1–9; Psalm 119.1–8; Hebrews 9.11–14; Mark 12.28–34

The links between the readings – The great commandments
The key to understanding all the commandments of God is contained in both the Old and New Testament passages set for this week. Chapter 6.4-6 of Deuteronomy are known in Judaism as the Shema (from a Hebrew word meaning 'to hear': it begins 'Hear, O Israel'). These verses are recited daily by Jews as they sum up the essence of their faith and duty before God. It is not surprising, therefore, that Jesus recites this text when he is asked (Mark 12.28) which commandment is first of all. Just as the Ten Commandments include duty to both God and neighbour, so Jesus adds this responsibility by quoting a familiar line from Leviticus. Christian teaching is also encapsulated in these two commandments. But there is more to it than this. The duty we owe to God is not for God's sake or for the sake of our neighbours, it is for our own sake. The psalm makes the link between keeping the commandments of God and being happy. There is no hint of legalism here, only an understanding that keeping God's commandment is what enables us to be free of shame, to be able to be truly happy and offer genuine praise to God.